How Do Pain Relievers Work

(youtube) Some people take aspirin or ibuprofen to treat everyday aches and pains, but how exactly do the different classes of pain relievers work? Learn about the basic physiology of how humans experience pain, and the mechanics of the medicines we've invented to block or circumvent that discomfort.
vaire2ubesays...

Perfect. This helped me understand why acetic acid in vinegar helps with burns ... by neutralizing the substances leaked from damaged cells and stopping the spread of the burn effect to other healthy cells.

I couldnt find a clear mythbusters type explanation on vinegar and burns, so looking up what happens with damaged cells/pain interactions got me farther.

"It takes the heat away from the burn" ... "It neutralizes the burn" ... weren't quite doing it for me.

Anyway thanks info!

Auger8says...

I actually thought that only worked with chemical burns guess that's what I get by learning medicine from Fight Club. lol.
>> ^vaire2ube:

Perfect. This helped me understand why acetic acid in vinegar helps with burns ... by neutralizing the substances leaked from damaged cells and stopping the spread of the burn effect to other healthy cells.
I couldnt find a clear mythbusters type explanation on vinegar and burns, so looking up what happens with damaged cells/pain interactions got me farther.
"It takes the heat away from the burn" ... "It neutralizes the burn" ... weren't quite doing it for me.
Anyway thanks info!

Asmosays...

>> ^Auger8:

I actually thought that only worked with chemical burns guess that's what I get by learning medicine from Fight Club. lol.
>> ^vaire2ube:
Perfect. This helped me understand why acetic acid in vinegar helps with burns ... by neutralizing the substances leaked from damaged cells and stopping the spread of the burn effect to other healthy cells.
I couldnt find a clear mythbusters type explanation on vinegar and burns, so looking up what happens with damaged cells/pain interactions got me farther.
"It takes the heat away from the burn" ... "It neutralizes the burn" ... weren't quite doing it for me.
Anyway thanks info!



That was vinegar neutralising the lye (strong caustic soda) which is a base and was dissolving the skin/subcutaneous fat, not soothing the burn.

spoco2says...

But what about paracetamol? That's different, because you can take the allowed dosage of that and the allowed dosage of ibuprofen at the same time without interaction... but how does it work?

MilkmanDansays...

>> ^spoco2:

But what about paracetamol? That's different, because you can take the allowed dosage of that and the allowed dosage of ibuprofen at the same time without interaction... but how does it work?


Paracetemol is the major painkiller here in Thailand, which annoys me because I believe that I am essentially immune to it. I took paracetemol (tylenol) often when I was in my pre and early teens for migraines. At some point, I found that it just wouldn't do anything for me anymore. Ibuprofen and Aspirin both work great, so I always use those when I have a choice -- but the default is always Paracetemol here.

bamdrewsays...

It is generally understood that acetaminophen/paracetemol binds and reduces oxidized, 'highly active' COX-2 enzymes... this chills out the COX-2 activity until it is oxidized again and cranks back up. So imagine in this animation acetaminophen kind-of causing that active COX binding site to close up a little for a while, and preventing it from working in that way.

Acetaminophen also doesn't appear to have a lot of anti-inflammatory action near the actual site of inflammation, but rather more globally throughout the body; folks hypothesize a lot about the reason for this, but I like the simple answer that acetaminophen itself can't reduce oxidized COX enzymes in an injured area surrounded by high levels of oxidative species.

(nerd fist-bump)

>> ^MilkmanDan:

>> ^spoco2:
But what about paracetamol? That's different, because you can take the allowed dosage of that and the allowed dosage of ibuprofen at the same time without interaction... but how does it work?

Paracetemol is the major painkiller here in Thailand, which annoys me because I believe that I am essentially immune to it. I took paracetemol (tylenol) often when I was in my pre and early teens for migraines. At some point, I found that it just wouldn't do anything for me anymore. Ibuprofen and Aspirin both work great, so I always use those when I have a choice -- but the default is always Paracetemol here.

E_Nygmasays...

See bamdrew's explanation on paracetamol; it's just the trade name of acetaminophen in certain parts of the world, as tylenol is the tradename in the US. naproxen is another NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) like ibruprofen, and so has a very similar mechanism of action to it. It too is a cox-1 and cox-2 inhibitor, and other drugs exist which are more selective to one or the other, but most have been associated with severe although rare side effects (vioxx was a cox-2 selective inhibitor)

>> ^lucky760:

Fascinating and something I've always wanted to know.
Now how do acetaminophen and naproxen sodium work?

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