Fibre can go a pretty long distance before it affects the signal though...

Fibre is comprised mainly of silicone, the more pure the fibre, the less dispersion issues occur at or around 1550nm (one of the main wavelengths used for long distance transmission, as we can easily and cheaply amplify this using ebrium doped segments and some pumps!)

Any impurities in the fibre will absorb the 1550 at a greater rate than other wavelengths, causing linear distortions in the received carrier along greater distances. This is called Brillouin scattering.

In the context of the above video, consider a paralell cable sending data over 100m. If one of those lines is 98m, then every bit that is sent down that line, will be out of order.

Same deal with Brillouin scattering, only on the optical level. Thats one of the main issues we gotta deal with at distance, however it only ever occurs at or around 1550nm, and only ever when you are driving that carrier at high powers (i.e. launching into the fibre directy from an ebrium doped amplifier at +15 dBm)

Theres some fancy ways of getting around that, but its not cheap.

Anywhere from say around 1260 to 1675nm is the typical bandwidth window we use today.

So, say 415nm of available bandwidth.
If we want that in frequency to figure out the theoritcal bits/sec value from the shannon-hartley theory, then we just take the inverse of the wavelength and times it by the speed of light.

7.2239e+14 hz is the available spectrum.

...thats 7.2239e+5 terahertz....

Assume typical signal to noise on fibre carrier of +6dB (haha, not a chance in hell it would be this good across this much bandwidth, but whatever..)

For a single fibre you would be looking at an average peak bandwidth of around 20280051221451.9 mbps.

Thats 19,340,564 Terabits per second, or 18,887.3 Petabits per second.

You can fudge that +/- a couple of million Tbps based on what the actual SnR would be, but thats your average figure.....thats a lot of Terabits.

On one fibre.

Source: Im a telecoms engineer

I wanna train my cat to get in the carrier this way.

Bought a 72 Dodge Dart from a mail-carrier that used to drive the thing up to a store I worked at every day after work to get his nightly beers-Paid $400 bucks for it and he told me, you might wanna change the oil-Same thing but a bit less hardcore sludge-

Changed the oil about three times in as many weeks to give it a good clean-out....then, about 3 weeks later, after the car was running just fine (put about 200 or so miles onnit so far by then), I decided to on a back road one day, punch-it and see what it could 'do'??

Engine seized, and when I took it to my mechanic at the time, he had to pull both the engine and tranny together, because the transmission had seized as well and he couldn't get them apart!

Had to ditch the car, wasn't worth the cash to get that pos back on the road

He had loaned me a car while he had the Dart in the shop, and Idid a similar thing to that car trying to get some speed out of her Windsor engine....threw a rod!

He gave me all kinna shit for THAT dumbass move!

Bad car year, doing stupid shit with old junkers!

I think this is so wrong and cruel. If anyone is a rat it's the people who do this despicable stuff. Pigeons are very intelligent - were used as carrier pigeons in WWI. If you hate pigeons then you have a problem. Why should any being be subject to HATE? Miserable SOB's who do this. Wish we could net them and dispatch them!!!

Did they rebuild the impossible flying airship-aircraft carrier only to smash it again?

They alter Hollywood scripts for studios that want US military hardware in their movies. Want to film a taxpayer funded aircraft carrier in this/any movie you're making?? We're not keen on this line where the guy mentions CIA heroin dealing/ lies to invade Iraq / torture centres / deathsquads etc etc..
Some say no (independence day) most go along with it as economic neccesity, others have their nose so far up the military ass they make Leni Riefenstahl look like a impassionate observer (Bruckhemer/Scott etc).
Didn't you wonder why all modern mainstream Hollywood films have become propaganda?

Daaaaaamn, kitteh!? WTF?? (That cat is so bad-ASSSS!)

...roommate's black lab Harley used to perforate the stack of mail with one CHOMP if you didn't beat him to the front door..traumatized by a mail carrier as a pup with the pepper-spray.

@Trancecoach: We're not going to agree, and that's fine. This'll be my last reply.

Retailer strong-arming: Imagine Apple makes up 95% of Best Buy's tablet sales. Off-brand-X wants to sell tablets at Best Buy. Apple says: If you sell Off-brand-X tablets, we will not let you sell our tablets. Off-brand-X is likely to only provide a tiny profit to Best Buy, compared to Apple, so they comply. (This actually happened, in a different form, with Intel paying computer manufacturers to not use AMD processors. See here). Also see price-fixing.

Widget-distribution-prevention: This is just an extension of the previous point.

Buying up all of the competitors: Ma Bell. Old AT&T. That should be enough said. But, if that's not enough, now Ma Bell is nearly entirely re-formed. The US was one government approval away from having cell carriers limited to Sprint, Verizon, and AT&T. That's been spoiled, now, but I don't think it's hard to imagine that future continuing on to two carriers colluding and price-fixing (as Verizon and AT&T pretty much have freedom to do anyway). This is another quasi-natural-monopoly situation (or at least a tragedy of the commons situation), in that the radio spectrum is not infinite. To keep the spectrum usable at all, blocks of frequencies are doled out to radio/TV/cellular/military/etc. etc. with stiff penalties for interference.

Patents: Patents present a litany of problems, but the world without them is even worse. You have two things happen, both of which are bad:
1) New technology remains veiled in secrecy indefinitely; no one else can riff on it even after patents would normally have expired
2) My previous point. The marginal utility of R&D decreases drastically based on the likelihood of a competitor being able to get hold of your secrets before you can profit on them sufficiently.
This is exactly why patents were created. It's a temporary monopoly granted by the government in exchange for the promise that the knowledge will be released to the universe after X years.

Predatory pricing: If excessive, it's illegal. That's why it doesn't happen very often. In a country with anti-trust laws, you just want to hurt your competitor, you don't want to drive them out of the market.

Natural monopolies: Since you brought this one up, you can choose your energy service because the government forces the utility to lease its lines and to decouple distribution from production. That is to say, you have a free market in production because the distribution is not free. See here. My state is the same way.

Misinformation: Who vets marketing claims in a free market? My competitor says that their food is organic. Well--hell, so is mine! They're environmentally conscientious? So am I! Their drug cures cancer? Mine cures it even better!

Oh, shit. Someone caught me in a lie! Well, I'll just force the media to ignore it and ramp up my disinformation campaign.

They're waiting for you Gordon.

In

The Test Chamber


Intercom 1: (feedback)"Testing, testing. (coughs) Everything seems to
be in order."
Intercom 2: "All right, Gordon. your suit should keep you comfortable
through all this. The specimen will be delivered to you in a few
moments. If you would be so good as to climb up and start the rotors,
we can bring the anti-mass spectrometer to 80 percent and hold it there
until the carrier arrives.

Why was HL1 SO good.. why do I still remember all the voices and scenes all these years later.

Personally love Ellen Ripley's cat carrier from Alien.

Strapping your dog to the top of your car for a long trip on the highway isn't the easy decision and it's not the popular decision.

Oh and it also demonstrates what a raging psychopath you are and how little you value any life other than your own.

Putting that aside, even, he's a corporate raider who's thrown more Americans out of their jobs than any president before him.... Since you can tell what kind of President he'll be by how he led his life??? So, vote Mitt if you want to lose your job, your health care, and watch your loved ones carted off in roof-top carriers for that long trip to 'the vacation home'.

The handshake includes the baud rate of the modem being called (well both really, but it starts on the one being called). I know the sound changed depending on which modem I used (I don't recall if it changed much from which BBS I called, as it was too long ago to remember that much detail).

The initial sequence is this (as best as I understand it):

1) The calling modem waits for an answer, the called modem (Answer) will send a carrier telling the calling modem it is ready and the calling modem sends a carrier back. Note, sometimes the Answer may send a few just in case the Caller doesn't understand the first one for some reason. In theory that should prevent a Caller from sending signals to voice line, in practice the Caller gets impatient and tries to start the call itself...

2) The Answer will send all the rates it knows. The Caller will respond in kind. They agree which rate to use, and line quality might make for even odder rates...

Here's a link to describe it, look at Once again: Making a connection, http://www.myhome.org/pg/modem.htm

And here's more info on him. It sounds like he's a really bright individual who society completely failed to position for success.

After dropping out of community college, Hahn joined the Navy, assigned to the nuclear-powered aircraft carrier USS Enterprise as an undesignated seaman.

Hahn had hoped to pursue a nuclear specialist career. EPA scientists believe that Hahn may have exceeded the lifetime dosage for thorium exposure, but he refused their recommendation that he be examined at the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station.

And then a sad bit:
On August 1, 2007, Hahn was arrested in Clinton Township, Michigan for larceny, in relation to a matter involving several smoke detectors, allegedly removed from the halls of his apartment building. His intention was to obtain americium, a radioactive substance, from the detectors. In his mug shot, his face is covered with sores which investigators claim are possibly from exposure to radioactive materials

Finally: fer christ's sake, son! what the hell happened to you!
http://blogs.kansascity.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/08/03/boyscout.jpg

I don't have a problem with special effects. I have a problem with shitty special effects that make me feel like I'm playing a video game instead of watching a movie. Anyone with a fair amount of gaming experience can tell what's real from what's not. All I'm saying is I long for the days when cgi was used to enhance rather than replace good special effects.

The models of the white house blown up for Independence day will ALWAYS look more real than the pixilated aircraft carrier that's coming out sometime next year. Go peddle your fan boy bullshit to someone who enjoys the Green screen studio as much as you seem to.

P. S.

I'm sooo happy that Disney purchased the rights to marvel. I always wanted to see the superheros I grew up reading in high Def PG 13 where wolverine can rip someone in half and not get blood on himself.

*makes a jerking off hand gesture* @packo