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How Do Pain Relievers Work

bamdrew says...

It is generally understood that acetaminophen/paracetemol binds and reduces oxidized, 'highly active' COX-2 enzymes... this chills out the COX-2 activity until it is oxidized again and cranks back up. So imagine in this animation acetaminophen kind-of causing that active COX binding site to close up a little for a while, and preventing it from working in that way.

Acetaminophen also doesn't appear to have a lot of anti-inflammatory action near the actual site of inflammation, but rather more globally throughout the body; folks hypothesize a lot about the reason for this, but I like the simple answer that acetaminophen itself can't reduce oxidized COX enzymes in an injured area surrounded by high levels of oxidative species.

(nerd fist-bump)

>> ^MilkmanDan:

>> ^spoco2:
But what about paracetamol? That's different, because you can take the allowed dosage of that and the allowed dosage of ibuprofen at the same time without interaction... but how does it work?

Paracetemol is the major painkiller here in Thailand, which annoys me because I believe that I am essentially immune to it. I took paracetemol (tylenol) often when I was in my pre and early teens for migraines. At some point, I found that it just wouldn't do anything for me anymore. Ibuprofen and Aspirin both work great, so I always use those when I have a choice -- but the default is always Paracetemol here.

How Do Pain Relievers Work

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bamdrew says...

Pluto was discovered in 1930... then the Dust Bowl, the Great Depression, and WWII happened... makes you wonder doesn't it!

>> ^MayaBaba:

Good added facts there RFlagg.
You know since Pluto was declassified as a planet the worlds gone to hell in a hand basket - makes you wonder doesn't it!

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bamdrew says...

Some hospital floors have this... you'll see people at the opposite end of a long hall trying to leave, push and pulling on a big door as hard as they can before they notice the well-labeled button you needed to push to unlock doors.

I think they get nervous, 'Wait, am I the one with dementia? Let me out... LET ME OUT, LET ME OOOOuu, oh, here's a button.'

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bamdrew says...

Also was interested in seeing it on a slope... probably need to go to seated position and 'tack' through slopes carefully so as not to tip. Maybe an indoor/outdoor unit like the one shown with a small footprint, and an outdoor unit with a larger footprint and bigger wheels.

As for stairs? yeah... maybe some big continuous tracks like a tank...

>> ^TheGenk:

That's nice, but what do you do when you encounter slopes or stairs?

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Liquid Helium And Party Balloons

bamdrew says...

I'm not going to dive down the rabbit hole of researching this right now, but the wiki page for Helium seems to agree with me (extraction from natural gas is done,
and entertainment balloons aren't noted as a major user.

It does however note that entertainment balloons are a waste made possible by artificially low prices. These artificial low prices for helium grades probably mean many natural gas producers simply vent it away, which will change as the commodity rises in price.

>> ^deathcow:

>> ^bamdrew:
I'm very, very skeptical that party balloon use is the major user of helium gas. Sure, its "wasted" on entertainment, but there are industrial uses for large amounts of helium (MIG welding and such).

ALSO, I was under the assumption that Helium can be pulled down from natural gas production (if there is money in it).

Dunno, think about the MASSES of people with balloons. Sure someone is welding in every city, but balloons are just everywhere.



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