Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom is an Academy Award winning 1984 action/adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg. First released on May 23, 1984, it is a prequel to the hugely successful adventure movie Raiders of the Lost Ark. Although this film is the second in the Indiana Jones series, it is the twenty-third in the chronology of film and TV productions about the adventures of the heroic fictional archaeologist.

Like Raiders, it starred Harrison Ford as Jones, and was based on an original story by George Lucas. Many members of the original crew returned, including cinematographer Douglas Slocombe, editor Michael Kahn and composer John Williams. New additions to the main cast included actress Kate Capshaw, who played the role of Wilhelmina 'Willie' Scott (Jones' second female lead following Karen Allen as Marion Ravenwood, in Raiders of the Lost Ark), and Jonathan Ke Quan as Jones' 11 year old sidekick Short Round.

Featuring themes of child slavery, and destructive cult rituals, the film is darker in tone than its predecessor. The original story was intended to be a horror movie as well as a remake with elements of Gunga Din (1939). The original title was "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Death."