I'll try and rack my addled brain for an analysis of this in terms of amateur physics.

Heat is a physical property, and relates directly to energy. Fire is not, its a chemical process, called combustion. Combustions requires Oxygen.

There are many methods of extinguishing fire, and which is appropriate depends on the properties of the material that is combusting, inorder to be effective. There are 2 primary mechanisms of extinguishing a fire of which I am aware, and they rely on either:

1. removing the heat energy form the situation.
2. removing oxygen from the situation.

Chemical processes (e.g. combustion) require an activation energy level to be achieved in the system before they will occur. Cooling/removing heat lowers the energy in the system and can prevent the reaction. Differnt materials have a different activation energy before combustion will start, so this method is very material dependent.

They also, as noted, require oxygen. Oxygen can be prevented from access to a body/clothes, by coating them in water. the water then acts as a barrier to the oxygen. It can also cool a material (by extracting some of the heat energy, and being changed from cool water to warm/hot/boiling/steam/super heated steam...

Oil well fires can be put out by explosions, because this process rapidly exhausts the available oxygen in the region of the fire. The oil on fire is "put out" because oxygen is starved form the chemical process. What you are left with is "Hot oil", which dose not spontaneously reignite as it takes a flame for oil to begin to combust. That flame, adds a very localized area of very high energy (oil burning releases a LOT of energy) and that is enough to archive the activation energy of the combustion of oil, making it a self sustaining reaction (oil on fire stays on fire). But simply being Hot is not enough.

CO2 fire extinguishers work on electrical fires, where putting water would be bad for the material. The CO2 floods the area, pushing the oxygen out. Once the oxygen is deprived, the fire goes out. Because they shoot out gas, they could blow a lite particulate material all over the place, and so might not be advisable to use in all fires.

Back to Chip pan Fires:

Water and oil don't mix. Throwing water on burning oil, does not "coat the oil", separating it from air, and thus water will fail to prevent oxygen from fueling the combustion process. However, the water will get hot. Very hot, and very fast. The water will become agitated steam, having sunk into the oil (it doesnt get that hot instantly, it has to become so after contact whit the hot oil has been sustained, and as it wont float on the oil or mix well with the oil, it will be sinking into it).

So, you have oil, a very hot and combusting liquid. Inside this combusting liquid, you add another liquid that is transitioning from liquid to gas (water -> steam) and when water changes state into steam, it has a volume change. the same volume of H20 as a liquid takes up a LOT more volume when its a gas at the same pressure. This gas, flows up through the oil at high speeds, as it expands. Invariably, this force of up rushing gas takes the burning oil with it, distributing upwards and into the room and smearing burning oil all over the room, and possibly you. BAD.

The solution:

Place a fire retardant material (one that needs a VERY high activation energy for it to ever combust, a lot higher than the heat of a standard kitchen fire), over the chip pan. This acts as a barrier to oxygen. Oxygen will not pass through this material into the pan, and so, the remaining oxygen trapped between the surface of the oil, and the material covering the top of the pan, will soon be exhausted. The fire will go out (combustion end) as soon as the oxygen has all been used.

Although professional kitchens are likely to have a special cloth somewhere on the wall for this very purpose, you can improvise at home. Take a cloth, wet it, and wring it out, as directed. The purpose, is that you need to make the cloth a barrier to oxygen (air). Making it damp, will mean that water molecules are trapped in the holes/weave of the material, and so its much better at preventing air to travel through it. Also, the water itself wont combust (water doesn't burn) and, because it is coating the cloth, the water is also a barrier to the oxygen touching the cloth. This means that the cloth cant burn. The heat of the fire would dry the cloth out, if the stove is not turned down, and this would be bad. IF the cloth is not "wrung out" it will be dripping. Water dripping form the cloth, into the chip pan fire would be bad, especially if it was dripping as you laid it over pan. Not moving the pan when tis heavy, and filed with burning oil, and likely to be so hot you drop it, is also self explanatory.


I hope that makes sense, explains what happened, and why the correct method works.

Heres a few practical benefits:

TV Satellite Dish

NASA developed ways to correct errors in the signals coming from the spacecraft. This technology is used to reduce noise (that is, messed up picture or sound) in TV signals coming from satellites.

Medical Imaging

NASA developed ways to process signals from spacecraft to produce clearer images. (See more on digital information and how spacecraft send images from space.) This technology also makes possible these photo-like images of our insides.

Vision Screening System

Uses techniques developed for processing space pictures to examine eyes of children and find out quickly if they have any vision problems. The child doesn't have to say a word!

Ear Thermometer

Instead of measuring temperature using a column of mercury (which expands as it heats up), this thermometer has a lens like a camera and detects infrared energy, which we feel as heat. The warmer something is (like your body), the more infrared energy it puts out. This technology was originally developed to detect the birth of stars.

Fire Fighter Equipment

Fire fighters wear suits made of fire resistant fabric developed for use in space suits.

Smoke Detector

First used in the Earth orbiting space station called Skylab (launched back in 1973) to help detect any toxic vapors. Now used in most homes and other buildings to warn people of fire.

Sun Tiger Glasses

From research done on materials to protect the eyes of welders working on spacecraft, protective lenses were developed that block almost all the wavelengths of radiation that might harm the eyes, while letting through all the useful wavelengths that let us see.

Automobile Design Tools

A computer program developed by NASA to analyze a spacecraft or airplane design and predict how parts will perform is now used to help design automobiles. This kind of software can save car makers a lot of money by letting them see how well a design will work even before they build a prototype.

Cordless Tools

Portable, self-contained power tools were originally developed to help Apollo astronauts drill for moon samples. This technology has lead to development of such tools as the cordless vacuum cleaner, power drill, shrub trimmers, and grass shears.

Aerodynamic Bicycle Wheel

A special bike wheel uses NASA research in airfoils (wings) and design software developed for the space program. The three spokes on the wheel act like wings, making the bicycle very efficient for racing.

Thermal Gloves and Boots

These gloves and boots have heating elements that run on rechargeable batteries worn on the inside wrist of the gloves or embedded in the sole of the ski boot. This technology was adapted from a spacesuit design for the Apollo astronauts.

Space Pens

The Fisher Space Pen was developed for use in space. Most pens depend on gravity to make the ink flow into the ball point. For this space pen, the ink cartridge contains pressured gas to push the ink toward the ball point. That means, you can lie in bed and write upside down with this pen! Also, it uses a special ink that works in very hot and very cold environments.

Shock Absorbing Helmets

These special football helmets use a padding of Temper Foam, a shock absorbing material first developed for use in aircraft seats. These helmets have three times the shock absorbing ability of previous types.

Ski Boots

These ski boots use accordion-like folds, similar to the design of space suits, to allow the boot to flex without distortion, yet still give support and control for precision skiing.

Failsafe Flashlight

This flashlight uses NASA's concept of system redundancy, which is always having a backup for the parts of the spacecraft with the most important jobs. This flashlight has an extra-bright primary bulb and an independent backup system that has its own separate lithium battery (also a NASA developed technology) and its own bulb.

Invisible Braces

These teeth-straightening braces use brackets that are made of a nearly invisible translucent (almost see-through) ceramic material. This material is a spinoff of NASA's advanced ceramic research to develop new, tough materials for spacecraft and aircraft.

Edible Toothpaste

This is a special foamless toothpaste developed for the astronauts to use in space (where spitting is not a very good idea!) Although this would be a great first toothpaste for small children, it is no longer available.

Joystick Controllers

Joystick controllers are used for lots of things now, including computer games and vehicles for people with disabilities. These devices evolved from research to develop a controller for the Apollo Lunar Rover, and from other NASA research into how humans actually operate (called "human factors").

Advanced Plastics

Spacecraft and other electronics need very special, low-cost materials as the base for printed circuits (like those inside your computer). Some of these "liquid crystal polymers" have turned out to be very good, low-cost materials for making containers for foods and beverages.

The gasses coming out the end of the barrel from a normal round could probably light a cigarette. Muzzle flash = very hot burning gasses left over from the propellant.

So very very hot.

Very hot: 51 degrees celsius

this is what I got; after separating out 8 of them you let them sit for ~20min, during which them they enlarge (maybe meaning its live yeast? maybe?) then flatten them down, then load them into a very hot oven for just a few minutes, meaning close to max like 475+F.

also looks also like she flips them get both sides dark?

The General Motors EV-1 would have cost at least $40,000 to purchase, and possibly as much as $80,000, much more than comparable gasoline cars.

It required very highly-trained specialists to do even routine maintenance on it (because 1 mistake in its innards would get you electrocuted).

Because of this risk of electrocution, GM was scared to death of being sued if anything went wrong.

The batteries had to be air-conditioned in very hot conditions and heated even in merely cool conditions (which is why the lease program was only available in California and Arizona).

As soon as somebody invents a way to transport electricity that works better than the crappy rechargeable batteries that are the best we can do right now, the electric car will take off. Until then....

"marijuana seeds burn very hot, often exploding like tiny bombs..."

Leaky injectors allow unburnt fuel into the exhaust system, which now (2008) contains a particulate filter. This filter gets very hot under normal conditions, and ignites the unburnt fuel.

Thermite = aluminum + rust = metals
when ignited, it produces very very hot molten metal.

Hmmm, I wonder where else molten metal could come from in a giant metal core skyscraper which has tons of jet fuel spilled on it?

Hmmm.

My non-downvote policy is getting harder and harder to keep up with. But hey, more power to people seeking the truth, I just wish they'd stop convincing people of crazy things.

Whatever, I could be wrong.

This may be a Turkish Van cat:

"Perhaps the most interesting trait of the breed is its fascination with water; most cat breeds dislike being immersed in water. The unusual trait may be due to the breed's proximity to Lake Van in their native country; it may have acquired this trait due to the very hot summers and have extremely waterproof coats that make bathing them a challenge. As such, Vans have been nicknamed the "Swimming Cats" for this most unusual trait. Most Vans in the United States are indoor cats and do not have access to large bodies of water, but their love and curiosity of water stays with them. Instead of swimming they stir their water bowls and invent fishing games in the toilet."

my most sensible theory:
Tigger was very hot in the costume. he became dizzy and started to fall backwards. using whatever reflexes he had, he held on to the kid's arm with his. he didn't want to fall on the mother, so he turned to try to fall the other way. this is when he seems to "punch" the kid. if you watch right afterward, he grabs the kid either to apologize, or to help get his balance back.

Very hot. And I liked the music.