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The niqāb is regarded differently by the various schools of Islamic jurisprudence (madhāhib).[5] The issue has continued to arouse debate between Muslim scholars and jurists both past and present concerning whether it is fard (obligatory), mustahabb (highly recommended), or forbidden for a woman to wear niqāb.[6] Salafi Muslims believe that a woman's awrah in front of unrelated men is her entire body including her face and hands. [7] [8] [9][10] [11][12] [13] [14] [15]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niqab

>> ^EndAll:
perhaps with good reason. there's a lot of debate/controversy surrounding the vaccines.


Excuse me? There is just as much debate/controversy surrounding vaccines as there is surrounding Santa Claus - which is none, if we disregard arguments from children, ignorant or mentally handicapped people (sorry for adding you to this sorry bunch, mentally handicapped folks).

Here are a few points that solidify my argument, with a special (and simple) rebuttal to all the anti-vaccine conspiracy-theorists out there. EndAll, I can't believe you'd be one of them


* Pro-disease anti-vaxers want vaccines that are 100% safe. This is never going to happen, as all medicines carry some risk. However, the relative risk of injury from vaccines is significantly lower than the risk of injury from getting the disease naturally. For more information, see http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/6mishome.htm

* Reduced vaccination rates lead to higher incidents of infection. This has been illustrated in the U.K. following Wakefield’s bogus study, in Germany in 2006 (including two deaths in unvaccinated children – see http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/87/2/07-050187/en/index.html), in California (see http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm57e222a1.htm), in MN (where an unvaccinated child died from hemophilus influenza type b – see http://www.emaxhealth.com/1020/50/28863/minnesota-child-dies-lack-hib-meningitis-vaccination.html).

* Pro-disease anti-vaxers claim that “Big Pharma” makes lots of money from vaccines. If vaccination rates dropped, however, there would be an increase in preventable illnesses, many of which have high rates of complications resulting in hospitalization and expensive treatment. See the link about Germany above for information on costs associated with the measles outbreak there. The money to be made from the diseases far outweighs any money to be made from vaccines.

* Pro-disease anti-vaxers claim that better hygiene has led to a decrease in disease, rather than vaccines. However, many of the diseases prevented by vaccines are airborne, and are not greatly impacted by improved sanitation or hygiene.

* Pro-disease anti-vaxers claim that too many antigens (the parts that make the vaccines work) are given at once, ignoring that infants and children are exposed to thousands of antigens every day by touching things and putting their hands or the object in their mouth, through absorption or by inhaling.

* They claim that combination shots should be avoided, and that parents should break up the vaccinations into individual vaccines and spread them out. However, this increases the total number of shots received, as well as exposure to those various “toxins” they hate so much.

* There have been no well-controlled studies establishing a causal link between vaccines and autism.

* There have been numerous well-controlled studies sponsored and run by various people and organizations around the world that have shown no link between vaccines and autism.

via http://antiantivax.jottit.com/

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol4no2/bisgard.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/default.htm
http://www.simcoehealth.org/Facts/immunization/effectiveness.asp
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7666874
http://infectious-diseases.jwatch.org/cgi/content/full/2007/1003/1
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/extract/103/5/1064
http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/child-vpd.htm#Haemophilus%20influenzae%20type%20b%20(Hib)
http://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine.htm
http://www.pidj.com/pt/re/pidj/abstract.00006454-199907000-00010.htm;jsessionid=Hn2JtyMthBTbntdbK0MKx07PnVTvJmdyyb2gtFyc6Cj8JTZj9R8z!1219373867!181195
629!8091!-1
and I'm out of time for now.

If anyone would like more information on the oppossing view, there is a video called Vaccines: The Risks, Benefits and Choices. What I like about the info the Dr. presents is that it is very thorough and well documented from government sources and studies. you can download it below (it is about 700 megs)

http://www.archetype-productions.com/nfo/vaccines/Vaccines-The_Risks_The_Benefits_The_Choices.avi

(synopsis)
At a time when many more adults are questioning the problems that may be associated with vaccines, Dr. Tenpenny presents information and facts that are not readily heard at the doctor's office. This 3-hour, highly-informative presentation offers a comprehensive overview of the most common childhood vaccines. A short overview of vaccination history, conflicts of interest and the lack of scientific data to support the current "one-size fits all" vaccine protocol is also discussed. Dr. Tenpenny presents a very clear picture of the immune system and offers compelling information regarding the "real" risks of choosing to not vaccinate.

Topics Discussed:
Smallpox and the potential for bioterroism
Polio eradication: Then and Now
The increased number of vaccines...part of the problem
The problem of molecular mimicry
The problem with aluminum: It's Not Just The Mercury
Hepatitis B vaccine...is it necessary?
Diptheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP)
H. influenza vaccine (the HiB)
Pneumococcal vaccine (Prevnar)
Chickenpox vaccine (Varivax)
Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR)
The IOM report about thimerosal (mercury)
The Swedish Study about thimerosal (mercury)
Short overview: flu shot, college menigitis vaccine, and RSV

Hey Sarzy. In light of our conversation and your upcoming debate, I uploaded a video for you called Vaccines: The Risks, Benefits and Choices. What I like about the info she presents is that it is very thorough and well documented from government sources and studies. you can download it below (let me know if you have any trouble, it is about 700 megs)

http://www.archetype-productions.com/nfo/vaccines/Vaccines-The_Risks_The_Benefits_The_Choices.avi

(synopsis)
At a time when many more adults are questioning the problems that may be associated with vaccines, Dr. Tenpenny presents information and facts that are not readily heard at the doctor's office. This 3-hour, highly-informative presentation offers a comprehensive overview of the most common childhood vaccines. A short overview of vaccination history, conflicts of interest and the lack of scientific data to support the current "one-size fits all" vaccine protocol is also discussed. Dr. Tenpenny presents a very clear picture of the immune system and offers compelling information regarding the "real" risks of choosing to not vaccinate.

Topics Discussed:
Smallpox and the potential for bioterroism
Polio eradication: Then and Now
The increased number of vaccines...part of the problem
The problem of molecular mimicry
The problem with aluminum: It's Not Just The Mercury
Hepatitis B vaccine...is it necessary?
Diptheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP)
H. influenza vaccine (the HiB)
Pneumococcal vaccine (Prevnar)
Chickenpox vaccine (Varivax)
Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR)
The IOM report about thimerosal (mercury)
The Swedish Study about thimerosal (mercury)
Short overview: flu shot, college menigitis vaccine, and RSV
____________________________

Vaccination is built around a "belief system." We believe vaccines are safe; we believe vaccines are important to health; we believe the stories we've been told about vaccines being responsible for the elimination of smallpox and polio. And we really want to believe our doctor has read all the available information on vaccines--pro and con--and is telling us the complete truth about vaccines.

However, belief is based on faith, not necessarily on fact. For example, we want to believe that vaccinating our children will keep them from getting sick. However, there is a plethora of information documenting this is not necessarily so.

Vaccine Failures: http://www.nmaseminars.com/VaccineFailureList.html